{"id":47,"date":"2023-10-09T04:26:00","date_gmt":"2023-10-09T04:26:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/riccardo964a.wordpress.com\/2023\/10\/09\/about-violin-cross-sections-and-bridges\/"},"modified":"2024-12-11T04:40:13","modified_gmt":"2024-12-11T04:40:13","slug":"about-violin-cross-sections-and-bridges","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/riccardo964.techster.uk\/index.php\/2023\/10\/09\/about-violin-cross-sections-and-bridges\/","title":{"rendered":"About violin cross-sections and bridges"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Yes. We are in the end building a <b>soundbox<\/b> or acoustic box that will create music when musicians produce the right vibrations on strings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here&#8217;s a <b>cross section<\/b> of the centre of a violin with a fitted <b>bridge<\/b>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"728\" height=\"644\" src=\"https:\/\/riccardo964a.files.wordpress.com\/2023\/10\/cross-section-of-a-violin-1.png?w=728\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-237\" style=\"width:514px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/riccardo964.techster.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/cross-section-of-a-violin-1.png 728w, https:\/\/riccardo964.techster.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/cross-section-of-a-violin-1-300x265.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 728px) 100vw, 728px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The strings are tuned to GDAE, ie, Sol, R\u00e9, L\u00e1, Mi pattern:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"501\" height=\"179\" src=\"https:\/\/riccardo964a.files.wordpress.com\/2023\/10\/gdae-sol-re-la-mi-1.png?w=501\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1181\" srcset=\"https:\/\/riccardo964.techster.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/gdae-sol-re-la-mi-1.png 501w, https:\/\/riccardo964.techster.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/gdae-sol-re-la-mi-1-300x107.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 501px) 100vw, 501px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>All the constituent parts of a violin contribute to the sound. Read all about <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Helmholtz_resonance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Helmholtz resonance in Wikipedia<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The bridge exerts a &#8220;rocking motion&#8221; as shown by the next figure:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"236\" height=\"211\" src=\"https:\/\/riccardo964a.files.wordpress.com\/2023\/10\/bridge-rocking-motion.png?w=236\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-226\" style=\"width:277px;height:auto\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Given that the G string is the widest, it makes extra rocking movement on the bridge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Violin bridges are normally bought as a blank or unfitted, and then luthiers use a specialised tool to fit it, accounting for string&#8217;s gauge (or thickness) &#8211; note that the figure&#8217;s order is inverted, EADG instead of GDAE:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"457\" height=\"259\" src=\"https:\/\/riccardo964a.files.wordpress.com\/2023\/10\/bridge-template-reference.png?w=457\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-229\" srcset=\"https:\/\/riccardo964.techster.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/bridge-template-reference.png 457w, https:\/\/riccardo964.techster.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/bridge-template-reference-300x170.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 457px) 100vw, 457px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;This next is what is done in this phase, from a bridge blank to a final fitted bridge:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"537\" height=\"907\" src=\"https:\/\/riccardo964a.files.wordpress.com\/2023\/10\/bridge-fitted-unfitted.png?w=537\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-220\" style=\"width:399px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/riccardo964.techster.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/bridge-fitted-unfitted.png 537w, https:\/\/riccardo964.techster.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/bridge-fitted-unfitted-178x300.png 178w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 537px) 100vw, 537px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Because the E string is so thin, it could damage the bridge. For this reason, luthiers add a &#8220;bridge parchment&#8221; (or bridge protector) to prevent damage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"548\" height=\"546\" src=\"https:\/\/riccardo964a.files.wordpress.com\/2023\/10\/bridge-parchment-1.png?w=548\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-223\" style=\"width:483px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/riccardo964.techster.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/bridge-parchment-1.png 548w, https:\/\/riccardo964.techster.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/bridge-parchment-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/riccardo964.techster.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/bridge-parchment-1-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 548px) 100vw, 548px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Some vendors even sell &#8220;titanium bridge clips&#8221; on-line, but perhaps it&#8217;s &#8216;too much&#8217;, innit?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"513\" height=\"388\" src=\"https:\/\/riccardo964a.files.wordpress.com\/2023\/10\/bridge-parchment-2.png?w=513\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-224\" style=\"width:437px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/riccardo964.techster.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/bridge-parchment-2.png 513w, https:\/\/riccardo964.techster.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/bridge-parchment-2-300x227.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 513px) 100vw, 513px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Some bridge measurements for a 4\/4 violin:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"555\" height=\"397\" src=\"https:\/\/riccardo964a.files.wordpress.com\/2023\/10\/bridge-measurements-1.jpg?w=555\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-221\" style=\"width:487px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/riccardo964.techster.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/bridge-measurements-1.jpg 555w, https:\/\/riccardo964.techster.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/bridge-measurements-1-300x215.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 555px) 100vw, 555px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The bridge overall thicknesses are (according to <a href=\"http:\/\/www.makingtheviolin.com\/Bridge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">&#8220;making the violin&#8221;<\/a>):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"288\" height=\"175\" src=\"https:\/\/riccardo964a.files.wordpress.com\/2023\/10\/bridge-measurements-2.png?w=288\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-222\" style=\"width:344px;height:auto\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both;text-align: center\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>You could also purchase a &#8220;bridge string lifter&#8221; to work on the bridge without having to loosen the strings:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Older model by R\u00e9n\u00e9 Morel:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"587\" height=\"644\" src=\"https:\/\/riccardo964a.files.wordpress.com\/2023\/10\/bridge-string-lifter-2.png?w=587\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-228\" style=\"width:449px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/riccardo964.techster.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/bridge-string-lifter-2.png 587w, https:\/\/riccardo964.techster.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/bridge-string-lifter-2-273x300.png 273w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 587px) 100vw, 587px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Another model (modern):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"577\" height=\"594\" src=\"https:\/\/riccardo964a.files.wordpress.com\/2023\/10\/bridge-string-lifter-1.png?w=577\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-227\" style=\"width:448px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/riccardo964.techster.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/bridge-string-lifter-1.png 577w, https:\/\/riccardo964.techster.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/bridge-string-lifter-1-291x300.png 291w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 577px) 100vw, 577px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Well, this finishes the idea of creating soundboxes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Epilogue<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>I was reading about &#8220;violin forensics&#8221;, and there&#8217;s <a href=\"http:\/\/www.violinforensic.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">this amazing website<\/a> (research project with University of Vienna) that does remarkable work on the subject, showing CT scans of violins in an attempt to reveal the secrets of the masters.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Yes. We are in the end building a soundbox or acoustic box that will create music when musicians produce the right vibrations on strings. Here&#8217;s a cross section of the centre of a violin with a fitted bridge: The strings are tuned to GDAE, ie, Sol, R\u00e9, L\u00e1, Mi pattern: All the constituent parts of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":225,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,19],"tags":[23,26,33,40,47,65],"class_list":["post-47","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general-lutherie","category-tool-making","tag-anatomy","tag-bridge","tag-cross-section","tag-forensics","tag-learning","tag-soundbox"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>About violin cross-sections and bridges - Riccardo Soffitari Liutaio<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/riccardo964.techster.uk\/index.php\/2023\/10\/09\/about-violin-cross-sections-and-bridges\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"About violin cross-sections and bridges - Riccardo Soffitari Liutaio\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Yes. We are in the end building a soundbox or acoustic box that will create music when musicians produce the right vibrations on strings. Here&#8217;s a cross section of the centre of a violin with a fitted bridge: The strings are tuned to GDAE, ie, Sol, R\u00e9, L\u00e1, Mi pattern: All the constituent parts of [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/riccardo964.techster.uk\/index.php\/2023\/10\/09\/about-violin-cross-sections-and-bridges\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Riccardo Soffitari Liutaio\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-10-09T04:26:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-12-11T04:40:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/riccardo964.techster.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/bridge-parts-names.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"460\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"291\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"riccardo964\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"riccardo964\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/riccardo964.techster.uk\\\/index.php\\\/2023\\\/10\\\/09\\\/about-violin-cross-sections-and-bridges\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/riccardo964.techster.uk\\\/index.php\\\/2023\\\/10\\\/09\\\/about-violin-cross-sections-and-bridges\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"riccardo964\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/riccardo964.techster.uk\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/a5f0ce7c8e729777b3e970afbca71ce0\"},\"headline\":\"About violin cross-sections and bridges\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-10-09T04:26:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-12-11T04:40:13+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/riccardo964.techster.uk\\\/index.php\\\/2023\\\/10\\\/09\\\/about-violin-cross-sections-and-bridges\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":295,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/riccardo964.techster.uk\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/a5f0ce7c8e729777b3e970afbca71ce0\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/riccardo964.techster.uk\\\/index.php\\\/2023\\\/10\\\/09\\\/about-violin-cross-sections-and-bridges\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/riccardo964.techster.uk\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/10\\\/bridge-parts-names.png\",\"keywords\":[\"anatomy\",\"bridge\",\"cross-section\",\"forensics\",\"learning\",\"soundbox\"],\"articleSection\":[\"General lutherie\",\"Tool making\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/riccardo964.techster.uk\\\/index.php\\\/2023\\\/10\\\/09\\\/about-violin-cross-sections-and-bridges\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/riccardo964.techster.uk\\\/index.php\\\/2023\\\/10\\\/09\\\/about-violin-cross-sections-and-bridges\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/riccardo964.techster.uk\\\/index.php\\\/2023\\\/10\\\/09\\\/about-violin-cross-sections-and-bridges\\\/\",\"name\":\"About violin cross-sections and bridges - 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